THE SOLAR SYSTEM
THE SOLAR SYSTEM
aur solar system consists of an average star we call it the Sun, the planets - Mercur,y Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. It also includes: the satellite of the planets; numerous comets asteroids, and meteoroids and the entreplanetary medium.
The sun is an average star. it isn't the hottest it isn't the coolest, it isn't the oldest. Nor is it brightest, biggest, etc.
Darshan accounts for 99.85% of all the matter of the solar system.
It is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium.
Nuclear fusion in the core of the sun is source of all its energy.
The glowing surface of the sun is called photosphere.
About it is red coloured chromosphere and beyond it is corona ( visible during Eclipses).
The surface of the sun changes continuously bright regions are called Plages and dark spots are called sun sports which frequently form and disappear.
SUN STATISTICS
Distance from the earth - 150 mn km
Diameter - 1391980km
Core temperature - 15000000°C
Rotation time - 25 days
Age age - 5 billion years
Composition H2 - 71%, He - 26.5% and other 2.5%
Mass - 1.99 x 10^33 kg.
SOLAR ECLIPSE
Solar eclipse is caused when the moon revolving around the earth comes in between the Earth and the Sun, thus making a part or whole of the Sun invisible from a particular part of the earth.
Lunar Eclipse
during the revolution of earth when it comes between moon and the sun the shadow of the earth hides moon either fully or partially this is called lunar eclipse.
Planet
A planet must meet three criteria:
(i) it must orbit the sun,
(ii) it must be big enough for gravity to squares it into a round ball,
(iii) it must have cleared other objects out of the way in its orbital neighbourhood.
The Terrestrial planets or inner planets are the four inter most planets in the solar system, Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.
The Jovian planets or outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune because they are all gigantic compared to earth and they have a gaseous nature.
Mercury - it is the smallest and the closest planet to the sun, without moon surface is full of craters.
Venus - it is the second closest planet to the sun, known as evening as well as morning star, rotates from east to west it is the hottest planet the atmosphere of Venus is covered with thick clouds that strongly reflects sunlight.
Earth - it is the third planet from the sun with one moon. perfect place for life. it consists of 78% nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, and one percent other ingredients envelopes it. Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth.
Mars - it is the fourth planet from the sun with two moons ( Phobos and Deimos).
it is known as the red planet because iron minerals in the martian soil oxidise or rust causing the soil and the dusty atmosphere to look red the planet is characterized by volcanoes canyon systems, river beds, crated terrains and duncfields.
Jupiter - it is the fifth planet, from the sun. it's atmosphere is made up mostly of hydrogen and helium it has the fastest rotational velocity completing one rotation in less than 10 hours Jupiter has 67 known satellite and 4 galilian moons it has the biggest magnetosphere in the entire solar system.
Saturn - it is the second largest planet of the solar system and surrounded by rings like structures. these rings are made of primordial dust and ice particles moreover certain is a gaseous planet. the planet has 62 prominent moons among which the largest moon is Titan which is the second largest in the entire solar system.
Uranus - it is this 7th planet from the sun. one day on Uranus takes about 17 hours (the time it takes for Uranus to rotate or spin once). Uranus makes a complete orbit around the sun (a year in uranium time) in about 84 Earth years it has 27 moons. it is characterized by usual magnetic and electric field.
Neptune - it is the Eighth planet from the sun it's atmosphere is made up mostly of hydrogen helium and methane triton is its largest moon it is having a Earth size blame is called as Green dark spot. it has 14 satellites among which Triton and Nereid are the prominent ones.
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